题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
Advertising costs are not in reasonable ______ to the total cost of the product.
A．proportion
B．connection
C．reaction
D．relation
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Notes
1 Variable production costs would be $12 per unit for production volumes up to and including 100,000 units each year. However, if production exceeds 100,000 units each year, the variable production cost per unit would fall to $11 for all units produced.
2 Advertising costs would be $900,000 per annum at a selling price of $30 and $970,000 per annum at a price of $35.
3 Fixed production costs would be $450,000 per annum.
Required:
(a) Calculate each of the six possible profit outcomes which could arise for Gam Co in the coming year. (8 marks)
(b) Calculate the expected value of profit for each of the two price options and recommend, on this basis, which option Gam Co would choose. (3 marks)
(c) Briefly explain the maximin decision rule and identify which price should be chosen by management if they use this rule to decide which price should be charged. (3 marks)
(d) Discuss the factors which may give rise to uncertainty when setting budgets. (6 marks)
1.Advertising is in the main paid for by____.
A、the customer
B、the manufacturer
C、increased sales
D、reduced prices
2."Large scale" in the third paragraph means____.
A、expensive
B、well-balanced
C、extensive
D、colorful
3.According to the passage, trade fairs 1st paragraph may____.
A、replace exhibitions and markets
B、attract possible customers
C、offer fun and amusement
D、provide cheap goods
4.Advertising is often used to____.
A、deceive customers
B、increase production
C、arouse suspicion
D、push the sale
5.The word 'media' 1st paragraph refers to____.
A、the press
B、television
C、radio
D、all of the above
A. DOES IT COST THE SAME FOR EVERY HOUSEHOLD？
B. YOU CAN PAY RIGHT HERE, ON THE INTERNET!
C. JUST GO AHEAD.
D. WE DO FOR THE LIVE CABLE TV PROGRAMS.
E. EXACTLY, EVEN DIGITAL BOXES.
Liu Hui: Gordon, may I ask you a question？
Gordon: Hi, Liu Hui. {A; B; C; D; E}.
Liu Hui: Do I need to pay for a TV license if I only watch TV online in the UK？
Gordon: Yes, indeed. You need to be covered by a TV license if you watch or record programs as they're being shown on TV or live on an online TV service.
Liu Hui: Including watching TV on computers and mobile phones？
Gordon: {A; B; C; D; E}. It is the law.
Liu Hui: I see. How much is the license fee？
Gordon: It costs ？145.50 for a color TV license and ？49.00 for a black and white TV license.
Liu Hui: That's a lot of money for a year. {A; B; C; D; E}？
Gordon: It costs the same for all applicants under 75. When you reach the age of 75, you may apply for a free Over 75 TV License.
Liu Hui: I see.
Gordon: Do you need such a license in China？
Liu Hui: {A; B; C; D; E}.
Gordon: Oh, it sounds similar. But for BBC, the license fee is the main source of income. There is no advertising on the BBC channels.
Liu Hui: By the way, where should I go to pay for my license？
Gordon: {A; B; C; D; E}.
Liu Hui: Well, sure! Thank you!
阅读下面的句子，根据文章内容进行判断，正确写“T”错误写“F”
There are eight traditional functions of marketing:
(1 ) Buying: A marketer focuses on buyers’ needs and desires in order to decide what products to make available. Understanding buyers’ behavior. is of great importance.
(2 ) Selling: Marketers usually view selling as a persuasive activity that is completed through promotion. Selling includes personal selling, advertising, and other selling methods. It is probably the function of marketing that we most often see in our daily life.
(3 ) Transporting: Transporting is physically moving the product from the seller to the buyer. Marketers focus on transporting costs and services.
(4 ) Storing: Like transporting, storing is an aspect of the physical distribution of products. Storing includes warehousing activities. Warehouses hold products for long periods sometimes in order to create time utility.
(5 ) Grading: Grading involves sorting products according to size and quality. This makes buying and selling easier because it reduces the need for inspection and sampling.
(6 ) Financing: For many products, such as automobiles, fridges, and new homes, the purchase is facilitated when the marketer provides credit that makes the purchasing of the product possible.
(7 ) Marketing research: Through research, marketers may find out the need for new products and services. By gathering information on a regular basis, they can better plan, carry out and control marketing activities.
(8 ) Risk taking: It involves bearing the uncertainties that are part of the marketing process. Most marketing decisions result in either success or failure that is associated with risk.
() 21. It is very important to understand buyers’ behavior.
() 22. Marketers usually use different selling methods.
() 23. Marketers ignore transporting costs and services.
() 24. Both transporting and storing are the aspects of the physical distribution of products.
() 25. Marketers provide credit that makes the purchasing of automobiles, fridges, and new homes possible.
A. ease competition among themselves
B. lower their operational costs
C. avoid complaints from consumers
D. provide better online services
become very popular、They‟ve also given customers a point of reference when thinking about a company、Good brand might help
companies avoid costs and bring them greater profits.
Usually companies create names that are easy to learn and remember、Firstly the name should create interest、Rhymes and humor are
some ways to gain interest, but there are others as well、Think about your customers and what would interest them、Secondly, the name
should present a picture or image、People remember them most because the name is stored in pictures and words、Thirdly, the name
should be meaningful、It can be done with lots of advertising, but names that are themselves more meaningful to customers are more
easily stored in memory、More important, the name should have meaningful associations that show the benefits customers want、Then the
name should have some emotion、Emotional associations are easier to learn and remember、The Love Boat, for instance, is very easy to
remember、Finally, the name should be simple so that it is easier to learn and remember.
16、Why does the passage mention the brand names such as McDonald‟s and GM in the first paragraph？()
A、To show that a good brand name is significant for a company.
B、To tell readers that they are important and popular terms.
C、To introduce some well-known brand names to readers.
D、To explain why those companies are successful.
17、According to passage, a good brand name___________.
A、must be shown in pictures B、must be advertised a lot
C、is attractive to customers D、is always full of humor
18、Which of the following is most important in thinking a brand name popular？()
A、Being easy to remember、B、Having lots of advertisements.
C、Gaining support from association、D、Showing the benefits customers can have.
19、Which of the following statement is TRUE？()
A、People prefer strange brand names to ordinary ones.
B、Customers re interested in emotional brand names.
C、Brand names advertised in pictures are easy to make.
D、A brand name has little to do with a company‟s profits.
20、What is the main purpose of this passage？()
A、To tell how difficult it is to make a good brand name.
B、To compare different ways of choosing brand names.
C、To recommend some popular brand names.
D、To introduce what a good brand name is
Advertising (falls into) two (main) (category): consumer advertising (and) trade advertising.
A．falls into
B．main
C．category
D．and
