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The ordinary family in colonial North America was primarily concerned with sheer physical

survival and beyond that, is own economic prosperity. Thus, children were valued in terms of their productivity,and they assumed the role of producer quite early. Until they fulfilled this role, their position in the structure of the family was one of subordination (从属)，and their psychological needsand capacities received little consideration.

As the society became more complex, the status of children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex, technological society that the United States has become, each member must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in constant contact with a great many other members. Consequently, viewing children as potentially acceptable members of society means that they are regarded more as people in their own right than as utilitarian organisms. This acceptance of children as equal participants in the contemporary family is reflected in the variety of statutes protecting the rights of children and in the social public welfare programs devoted exclusively to their well-being.

This new way of children and the increasing contact between the members of society has also resulted in a great interest in child-rearing techniques. People today spend a considerable portion of their time on the proper way to bring up children. It is now possible to influence the details of the socialization of another person’ s child by spreading the principle of current and fashionable theories and methods of child-rearing. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？

A.The Child as a Utilitarian Organism.

B.The Development of Cultural Values.

C.The Children of Colonial North America

D.The Place of Children in American Society.

____Children in colonial North America were mainly valued for their.A.survival ability

B.physical characteristics

C.productive capacity

D.academic achievements

____It can be inferred from the passage that formal schooling in colonial North America was____.A.highly disciplined

B.generally required by law

C.improperly administered

D.considered relatively unimportant

According to the passage, parents have become increasingly interested in____.A.their children’ s future occupations

B.having smaller families

C.adoption programs for childless couples

D.child-rearing techniques

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更多“The ordinary family in colonia…”相关的问题
第1题
The strange close understanding between twins is a familiar enough phenomenon. Often they
seem to understand each other and share each other' s emotions to such an extent that one suspects some kinds of thought communication.

What is not so widely known is that this special relationship often acts as brake on twins' intellectual development. As they are partly isolated in their own private world, twins communicate less with adults than do other children. The verbal ability of a four-year-old twin is typically six months behind that of a non-twin. The problem can be particularly severe in a deprived home, a one-parent family for example, where there is little stimulation for children anyway.

Such children, while capable of mutual comprehension in a private language, often remain in comprehensible to outsiders and thus at a severe educational disadvantage. The only solution to the problem, cruel though it may seem, is to separate the twins thus forcing them to acquire ordinary speech helped and guided by sympathetic parents and teachers.

Many people don' t know that ______.

A．twins understand each other very well

B．twins are slow to learn to talk

C．twins are unlikely to do less well at school than other children

D．there exists more communication between twins

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第2题
Much new knowledge is admittedly remote from the immediate interests of the ordinary man i
n the street. He is not intrigued or impressed by the fact that a noble gas like xenon can form. compounds—something that until recently most chemists swore was impossible. While even this knowledge may have an impact on him when it is embodied in new technology, until then, he can afford to ignore it. A good bit of new knowledge, on the other hand, is directly related to his immediate concerns, his job, his politics, his family life, even his sexual behavior.

A poignant is the dilemma that parents find themselves in today as a consequence of successive radical changes in the image of the child in society and in our theories of childrearing.

At the turn of the century in the United States, for example, the dominant theory reflected the prevailing scientific belief in the importance of heredity in determining behavior. Mothers who had never heard of Darwin or Spencer raised their babies in ways consistent with the world views of these thinkers. Vulgarized and simplified, passed from person to person, these world views were reflected in the conviction of millions of ordinary people that "bad children are a result of bad stock", that "crime is hereditary", etc.

In the early decades of the century, these attitudes fell back before the advance of environmentalism. The belief that environment shapes personality, and that the early years are the most important, created a new image of the child. The work of Watson and Pavlov began to creep into the public ken. Mothers reflected the new behaviorism, refusing to feed infants on demand, refusing to pick them up when they cried, weaning early to avoid prolonged dependency.

A study by Martha Wolfenstein has compared the advice offered parents in seven successive editions of INFANT CARE, a handbook issued by the United Stats Children's Bureau between 1914 and 1951. She found distinct shifts in the preferred methods for dealing with weaning and thumb-sucking. It is clear from this study that by the late thirties still another image of the child had gained ascendancy. Freudian concepts swept in like a wave and revolutionized childrearing practices. Suddenly, mothers began to hear about "the rights of infants" and the need for "oral gratification". Permissiveness became the order of the day.

The passage tells us that any new knowledge will have a powerful influence on ordinary people if ______.

A．it is simple and understandable

B．it is advocated by eminent persons

C．it has been put into practice and prove tree

D．it bas something to do with their immediate concerns

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第3题
Pets for the EnglishFor the English people，keeping pets is not just a leisure activity.（26

Pets for the English

For the English people，keeping pets is not just a leisure activity.（26）_____In fact, the expression "keeping pets" does not show the high status of their animals. An Englishman&39;s home may be his castle, but his dog is the real king.

Many other cultures have pets. The Americans may outdo（超过）the English in buying expensive things for their pets.（27）_____Their pets are more than symbols of status. They tend to be far more open, easy and communicative in their relationships with their animals than with each other.

The average Englishman will try hard to avoid communication with his fellow humans. （28）_____But he will have no difficulty in having lively conversations with a dog.

An American visitor had once suffered for a week as a guest in a fairly typical English home.（29）_____The owner of the dogs engaged them in non-stop chat and laughed lovingly at their misbehaviors. She complained that the owner&39;s relationship with these pets was "abnormal" and "unhealthy".

The English are allowed to criticize their own pets. But this must be done in friendly and joking tones.（30）_____They may lovingly talk about the items their dogs have eaten or destroyed．"It wasn&39;t just shoes and ordinary things, mine used to eat mobile phones" "Well, mine chewed a whole Hi-Fi system to bits!"

_____

A.It is an entire way of life.

B.This family was ruled by two large dogs.

C.But the English&39;s relationship with animals is different.

D.In fact, they often take pride in their pets&39; misbehaviors.

E.No wonder animals are so important to the English people.

F.When he cannot avoid it, he will generally become nervous.

_____A.It is an entire way of life.

B.This family was ruled by two large dogs.

C.But the English's relationship with animals is different.

D.In fact, they often take pride in their pets' misbehaviors.

E.No wonder animals are so important to the English people.

F.When he cannot avoid it, he will generally become nervous.

_____A.It is an entire way of life.

B.This family was ruled by two large dogs.

C.But the English's relationship with animals is different.

D.In fact, they often take pride in their pets' misbehaviors.

E.No wonder animals are so important to the English people.

F.When he cannot avoid it, he will generally become nervous.

_____A.It is an entire way of life.

B.This family was ruled by two large dogs.

C.But the English's relationship with animals is different.

D.In fact, they often take pride in their pets' misbehaviors.

E.No wonder animals are so important to the English people.

F.When he cannot avoid it, he will generally become nervous.

_____A.It is an entire way of life.

B.This family was ruled by two large dogs.

C.But the English's relationship with animals is different.

D.In fact, they often take pride in their pets' misbehaviors.

E.No wonder animals are so important to the English people.

F.When he cannot avoid it, he will generally become nervous.

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第4题
Apart from choosing a partner for life and hopeful...

Apart from choosing a partner for life and hopefully having a family of ones own,perhaps the most important decision that one takes in life concerns the choice of a career.It is a good idea if young people realise that there is a big difference between a career and ajob. A job can mean anything from doing the washing up in a restaurant during the univer-sity vacation to working ina corner shop. It may be that a particular job lasts for years,but unless it involves some aspect of special training leading to qualifications, it remains a job and not a career, There are of. course. exceptions to this generalisation For example.many pop singers are self-trained, but the suecessful ones think of their development astheir career.

Of course. it has to be said that certain careers require fairly low level qualifications before a person can enter a training programme or gain experience on the job, In Britain,being a policeman or a nurse only requires a person to have the basic school leaving certificate of four or five GCSEs. Unfortunately, with the same kind of qualifications, a police -man can earn a quite reasonable salary, while,ordinary nurses are among the worst paid professionals of that society. Of course, certain careers take years of training for example, if one wants to become an accountant,a doctor or a lawyer. Even senior teachers, particularly those working in universities. may be in full-time educational training for eight years.

It is essential that young people choose their career carefully. It is no good wanting to he a doctor if one cannot stand the sighi of blood! It is pointless considering the teaching profession if one doctors not like young people. Some people even have the most peruliar And unrealistic ideas of what they want to do. Take for example the case of a young man who rang up a radio programme about careers recently and said he wanted advice on how to become a lion tamer! It is very likely that lion tamers (and there are not that many around) start working with animals at a very early age. They are probably born into a show business family. The young man on the radio, on the other hand, did not even seem to like cats.

What other two choices are important in life apart from a career？

A.Choosing a partner for life and doing the washing up in a restaurant.

B.Choosing a partner for life and working in a corner shop.

C.Choosing a partner for life and hopefully havinK a family of one’s own.

D.Taking a job and having a family of one’s own.

Which of these definitions of "generalisation" is suitable？A.An unspecific statement.

B.The main poim of an argument.

C.One idea leading on to another.

D.A detailed statement.

What does it require in Britain to be b policeman or a nurse？A.A training programme

B.The basic school leaving certificate of four or five GCSEs

C.Gain experience on the job

D.Special training leading to qualifications

For the following careers, which doesn’t take years of training？A.A fireman.

B.An accountant.

C.A senior teacher.

D.A doctor.

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第5题
请根据以下内容回答下列各题 Insurance （保险)is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone isexpo

请根据以下内容回答下列各题 Insurance (保险)is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone isexposed to risk of some sort. The house owner, for example, knows that hisproperty can be damaged by fire; the ship-owner knows that his vessel may belost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he may die at any early age and leavehis family poorer. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire norevery vessel lost at sea. If these persons, each put a small sum into a pool,there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer loss. In otherwords, the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many. Thisis the basis of insurance. Those who pay the contribution are known as insuredand those who administer(管理)the pool of contributionsas insurers. The legal basis of all insurance is thepolicy. This is a printed form. of contract on stout paper of the best quality.It states that in return for the regular payment by the insured of a named sumof money, called the pre- mium(保险费), which is usually paid every year, the insurer will pay a sum ofmoney or compensation for loss, if the risk or event insured against actuallyhappens. The premium for an insurance naturally depends upon how likely therisk is to happen, as suggested by past experience, ff companies fix theirpremiums too high, there will be more to make the premium too low, they willlose money and may even have to drop out of busi- ness. So the ordinary forcesof supply and demand keep premiums at a level satisfactory to both the insurerand the insured. According to the writer, insurance is possible because__________

A.only a small proportion of the insured sufferloss

B.only insured people suffer loss

C.nearly everyone suffers loss

D.everyone at some time suffers loss

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第6题
Task 1Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfini

Task 1

Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should make the correct choice.

Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone is exposed to risk of some sort. The house owner, for example, knows that his property can be damaged by fire; the ship- owner knows that his vessel may be lost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family poorer. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire, not every vessel lost at sea. If these persons each put a small sum into a pool(集体储备金), there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer loss. In other words, the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many. This is the basis of insurance. Those who administer the pool of contributions are insurers.

The legal basis of all insurance is the policy. This is a printed form. of contract on stout paper of the best quality. It states that in return for the regular payment by the insured of a named sum of money, called the premium which is usually paid every year, the insurer will pay a sum of money or compensation for loss, if the risk or event insured against actually happens.

The premium for an insurance naturally depends upon how likely the risk is to happen, as suggested by past experience. If companies fix their premiums too high, there will be more competition in their branch of insurance and they may lose business. On the other hand if they make the premium too low, they will lose money and may even have to drop out of business. So the ordinary forces of supply and demand keep premiums at a level satisfactory to both the insurer and the insured.

According to the passage, insurance is possible because ______.

A．only a small proportion of the insured suffer loss

B．only insured people suffer loss

C．nearly everyone suffers loss

D．everyone suffers loss

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第7题
One day in 1965, when I was a library worker at school, a teacher came to me. She had
a student who finished his work before all the others and needed something more difficult for him to do. "Could you help me in the library？"she asked. I said, "Send him along."

Soon, a golden-haired boy appeared. "Do you have a job for me？" he asked. I told him about a system for sorting books. He picked up the idea immediately. Then I showed him some cards for some unreturned books that I thought had been returned but not recorded. Maybe some books were put on wrong places. He said, "Is it a kind of a detective(侦探) job？" I answered yes, and then began his work.

He had found three books with wrong cards by the time his teacher opened the door and said, "Time for rest!" he argued for finishing the finding job, but the teacher won.

The next morning, he arrived early, "I want to finish these books," he said. At the end of the day, when he asked to work with me more often, it was easy for me to say yes.

After a few weeks I found a note on my desk, inviting me to dinner at the boy's home. At the end of a pleasant evening, his mother declared that the family would be moving to another school. Her son's first concern, she said,was leaving the library. "Who will find the lost books？" he asked. When the time came, it was hard to say goodbye.Though at the beginning he had seemed an ordinary boy, his strong feeling of interest had made him different.

Do you know who he is？ This boy became a great man of the Information Age: Bill Gates.

(1)、Why did the teacher go to the library to find a job for Bill Gates？

A：Because the teacher found the librarian quite busy.

B：Because Bill Gates wanted to find a job.

C：Because Bill Gates finished his study quickly and had more free time than the others.

D：Because the library needed a new worker.

(2)、What do you know from the passage？

A：Library work was very difficult for Bill Gates.

B：Bill Gates did his job without any difficulty.

C：The librarian was too busy to have a rest.

D：His mother hoped that Bill Gates would stay for his job.

(3)、The sentence "He picked up the idea immediately" means that ______.

A：he learned that system quickly

B：he collected that system quickly

C：he lifted up that system quickly

D：he improved that system quickly

(4)、What was Bill Gates expected to do in the library？

A：Finding the lost cards.

B：Learning the system.

C：Helping the worker with everything in the library.

D：Finding books with wrong cards.

(5)、How did Bill Gates feel when his family would move to another school area？

A：Sad.

B：Pleasant.

C：Worried.

D：Interested.

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第8题
A. effective B. sensitive C. ordinary D. careful

A.effective

B. sensitive

C. ordinary

D. careful

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第9题
A. professional B. civilianC. ordinary D. general

A.professional

B. civilian

C. ordinary

D. general

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第10题
You can send it either by air mail, （）.

A.nor by ordinary

B.or by ordinary

C.or send it by ordinary

D.or ordinary mail

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