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[主观题]

In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the early post-war e

ra (战后时期) there was a quite widespread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are facing with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting(过分信任) of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons may be pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction(失灵 ).

(78)Obviously, there would be no point in investing(投入) in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong. Questioning and routine double checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the following warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.

What is the main purpose of this passage？

A．To look back to the early days of computers.

B．To explain what technical problems may occur with computers.

C．To discourage unnecessary investment in computers.

D．To warn against the blindness to the probable shortcomings of computers.

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更多“In what now seems like the pre…”相关的问题

第1题

Which of the following statements is TRUE based on the text？A．The world now seems smaller

Which of the following statements is TRUE based on the text？

A．The world now seems smaller because of faster communication.

B．The world is actually smaller today.

C．The world is changing in size.

D．The distance between England ana America has changed since the War of 1812.

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第2题

People in the US can now carry an artificial intelligence （AI) around in their pocket, whe

People in the US can now carry an artificial intelligence (AI) around in their pocket, where it waits patiently to be told what to do.

Siri, an iPhone application that understands spoken commands and uses the web to carry them out,is a byproduct from a US military project to develop an artificially intelligent assistant.

Many people's experience of a "virtual assistant" may be limited to Microsoft's annoying classic Mr. Clippy. But in the week we spent together, my AI assistant has performed admirably in finding me restaurants, or the location of the nearest coffee shop. It wasn't even stumped when I asked "do I need my umbrella today？" coming straight back with the local weather forecast.

A typical command might be: "Reserve a table for two at a good French restaurant in San Francisco." Siri responds by presenting a list of top-rated restaurants that can be booked on OpenTable.com. If you say which time you want, it can book you a table without your lifting a finger.

In some ways Siri is just a fancy front-end to the 35 sites it can connect to, from taxi booking sites to movie review databases. But what's new is the way it can interpret the intentions of its master or mistress and use those sites to put them into action.

Doing that requires the ability to actually understand the meaning of words you use, not just passing on keywords blindly, says Siri co-founder Adam Cheyer.

"Book a four-star restaurant in Boston seems pretty straightforward," says Cheyer, "until you realise that Book is a city in the US, and Star is also a city in the US, and there are 13 Bostons, and Star is also the name of a restaurant."

To cut through what Cheyer calls the "combined explosion of interpretations", Siri uses your location, and the history of the commands you've given. It knows that "book" is most likely a command verb, unless you happen to be near the city of Book.

Siri attaches probabilities to the interpretation of each word and cross-reference(参照) with your location and other data, some of which you must provide yourself.

According to the passage, Siri is most probably ______.

A．still at its experimental stage

B．very popular with iPhone users

C．a US military assistant software

D．an artificial intelligence software

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第3题

It seems that now a country\'s economy depends much on _______ .A how welldevelope

It seems that now a country\'s economy depends much on _______ .

A how welldeveloped it is electronically

B whether it is prejudiced against immigrants

C whether it adopts America's industrial pattern

D how much control it has over foreign corporations

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第4题

The young people who talk of the village as being "dead" are talking nothing but nonsense,

as in their hearts they must surely know.

No, the village is not dead. There is more life in it now than there ever was. But it seems that "village life" is dead. Gone forever. It began to decline(衰落) about a hundred years ago, when many girls left home to go into service in town many miles away, and men also left home in increasing number in search of a work, and home was where work was. There are still a number of people alive today who can remember what "village life" meant in the early years of the present century. It meant knowing and being known by everybody else in the village. It meant finding your entertainment in the village of within walking distance of it. It meant housewives tied to the home all day and every day. It meant going to bed early to save lamp-oil and coal.

Then came the First World War and the Second World War. After each war, new ideas, new attitudes, new trades and occupations were revealed to villagers. The long-established order of society was no longer taken for granted. Electricity and the motorcar were steadily operating to make "village life" and "town life" almost alike. Now with the highly developed science and technology and high-level social welfare for all, there is no point whatever in talking any longer about "village life". It is just life, and that a better life.

Finally, if we have any doubts about the future, or about the many changes, which we have seen in our lives, we have only to look in at the school playground any mid-morning; or see the children as they walk homeward in little groups. Obviously these children are better fed, better clothed, better educated, healthier, prettier and happier than any generation of children that ever before walked the village street.

By saying that village is not dead, but "village life" is dead, the writer suggests that______.

A．those young people who talk of the village as being "dead" are wrong

B．the two statements are against each other

C．village life today is rather uninteresting

D．village life today is no longer like what it is used to be

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第5题

Passage OneThe phrase almost completes itself: midlife crisis. It&39;s the stage in the mi

Passage One

The phrase almost completes itself: midlife crisis. It&39;s the stage in the middle of the journey when people feel youth vanishing, their prospects narrowing and death approaching.

There’s only one problem with the cliche (套话).It isn&39;t true.

“In fact, there is almost no hard evidence for midlife crisis other than a few small pilot studies conducted decades ago,” Barbara Hagerty writes in her new book, Life Reimagined. The vast bulk of the research shows that there may be a pause, or a shifting of gears in the 40s or 50s, but this shift “can be exciting, rather than terrifying”.

Barbara Hagerty looks at some of the features of people who turn midlife into a rebirth. They break routines, because “autopilot is death”. They choose purpose over happiness一having a clear sense of purpose even reduces the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. They give priority to relationships, as careers often recede(逐渐淡化).

Life Reimagined paints a picture of middle age that is far from gloomy. Midlife seems like the second big phase of decision-making. Your identity has been formed; you’ve built up your resources; and now you have the chance to take the big risks precisely because your foundation is already secure.

Karl Barth described midlife precisely this way. At middle age, he wrote, “the sowing is behind; now is the time to reap. The run has been taken; now is the time to leap. Preparation has been made; now is the time for the venture of the work itself.”

The middle-aged person, Barth continued, can see death in the distance, but moves with a “measured haste” to get big new things done while there is still time.

What Barth wrote decades ago is even truer today. People are healthy and energetic longer. We have presidential candidates running for their first term in office at age 68, 69 and 74.A longer lifespan is changing the narrative structure of life itself What could have been considered the beginning of a descent is now a potential turning point—the turning point you are most equipped to take full advantage of.

What does the author think of the phrase “midlife crisis”？

A.It has led to a lot of debate

B.It is widely acknowledged

C.It is no longer fashionable

D.It misrepresents real life

How does Barbara Hagerty view midlife？

A.It may be the beginning of a crisis

B.It can be a new phase of one&39;s life

C.It can be terrifying for the unprepared

D.It may see old-age diseases approaching

According to Karl Barth, midlife is the time_______.

A.to relax

B.to mature

C.to harvest

D.to reflect

How is midlife pictured in the book Life Reimagined？

A.It can be quite rose

B.It can be burdensome

C.It undergoes radical transformation

D.It makes for the best part of one&39;s life

What does the author say about midlife today？

A.It is more meaningful than other stages of life

B.It is likely to change the narrative of one&39;s life

C.It is more important to those with a longer lifespan

D.It is likely to be a critical turning point in one&39;s life

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第6题

For the past several decades, it seems there's bee...

For the past several decades, it seems there's been a general consensus on how to get ahead in America: Get a college education, find a reliable job, and buy your own home. But do Americans still believe in that path, and if they do, is it attainable？ The most recent National Journal poll asked respondents about the American dream, what it takes to achieve their goals, and whether or not they felt a significant amount of control over their ability to be successful. Overwhelmingly, the results show that today， the idea of the American dream—and what it takes to achieve it—looks quite different than it did in the late 20th century. By and large, people felt that their actions and hard work—not outside forces—were the deciding factor in how their lives turned out. But respondents had decidedly mixed feelings about what actions make for a better life in the current economy. In the last seven years, Americans have grown more pessimistic about the power of education to lead to success. Even though they see going to college as a fairly achievable goal, a majority—52 percent—think that young people do not need a four-year college education in order to be successful. Miguel Maeda, 42, who has a master's degree and works in public health, was the first in his family to go to college, which has allowed him to achieve a sense of financial stability his parents and grandparents never did. While some, like Maeda, emphasized the value of the degree rather than the education itself, others still see college as a way to gain new perspectives and life experiences. Sixty-year-old Will Fendley, who had a successful career in the military and never earned a college degree, thinks "personal drive" is far more important than just going to college. To Fendley， a sense of drive and purpose, as well as an effective high-school education, and basic life skills, like balancing a checkbook, are the necessary ingredients for a successful life in America. 51.It used to be commonly acknowledged that to succeed in America, one had to have _____.

A.an advanced academic degree

B.an ambition to get ahead

C.a firm belief in their dream

D.a sense of drive and purpose

52.What is the finding of the latest National Journal poll concerning the American dream_____

A.More and more Americans are finding it hard to realize.

B.It remains alive among the majority of American people.

C.Americans' idea of it has changed over the past few decades.

D.An increasing number of young Americans are abandoning it.

53.What do Americans now think of the role of college education in achieving success_____

A.It still remains open to debate.

B.It has proved to be beyond doubt.

C.It is no longer as important as it used to be.

D.It is much better understood now than ever.

54.How do some people view college education these days_____

A.It promotes gender equality.

B.It needs to be strengthened.

C.It adds to cultural diversity.

D.It helps broaden their minds.

55.What is one factor essential to success in America, according to Will Fendley_____

A.A desire to learn and to adapt.

B.A strong sense of responsibility.

C.A willingness to commit oneself.

D.A clear aim and high motivation.

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第7题

It seems to shine unchangingly, pouring out a constant light year after year. But the sun

may not be nearly so stable as we suppose. It is now thought to move quickly and irregularly and change in long-term cycles, growing dimmer and then brighter with each passing year. Some even fear that its frequent changing behavior. would have a great influence on the Earth' s climate.

The source of the sun' s inconstancy is magnetism. Professor William Livingston has developed new theories about its magnetic nature.

"We don' t yet know what causes sun spots, "he says, "but we now think they ' re areas of high level magnetism that come up from the sun' s interior. So strong is their magnetic pull that the highly ionized gas nearby is not able to transmit energy out. "As a result these areas send out less heat and light and thus appear from Earth to be almost dark irregular surface patches.

Sun spot activity generally fluctuates in steady, 11-year cycled. Scientists have long formed the o pinion that as the size and number of sun spots increased, the overall energy sent out by the sun would de crease. Indeed, recent studies confirmed it, revealing that during peak periods of sun spot activity, the Earth experiences a small drop that can be seen clearly in received solar energy.

Could such a small drop in energy have an effect here on earth？ Perhaps some scientists think the world temperature could fall by' as much as 0.2 during periods of high solar magnetism.., enough to cause significant fluctuations in weather patterns.

According to the passage, it is believed that the sun ______ ．

A．moves in a quick but steady way year after year

B．sends out less and less heat and light with each passing year

C．radiates the same amount of light every year

D．might have a strong influence on the weather patterns

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第8题

A very important world problem is the increasing number of people who actually inhabit thi

s planet. The limited amount of land and land resources will soon be unable to support the huge population if it continues to grow at its present rate.

So why is this huge increase in population taking place？ It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and practice of what is becoming known as "Death Control". You have no doubt heard of the term "Birth Control". "Death Control" is something rather different. It recognizes the work of the doctors and scientists who now keep alive people who, not very long ago, would have died of a variety of then incurable diseases. Through a wide variety of technological innovations that include farming methods and the control of deadly diseases, we have found ways to reduce the rate at which we die. However, this success is the very cause of the greatest threat to mankind.

If we examine the amount of land available for this ever-increasing population, we begin to see the problem. If everyone on the planet had an equal share of land, we would each have about 50,000 square meters. This figure seems to be quite encouraging until we examine the amount of usable land we actually have. More than three-fifths of the world's land cannot produce food.

Obviously, with so little land to support us, we should be taking great care not to reduce it further. But we are not! Instead, we are consuming its "capital" — its nonrenewable fossil fuels and other mineral deposits that took millions of years to form. but which are now being destroyed in decades. We are also doing the same with other vital resources not usually thought of as being nonrenewable such as fertile soils, groundwater and the millions of other species that share the earth with us.

It is a very common belief that the problems of the population explosion are caused mainly by poor people living in poor countries who do not know enough to limit their reproduction. This is not true. The actual number of people in an area is not as important as the effect they have on nature. Developing countries do have an effect on their environment, but it is the populations of richer countries that have a far greater impact on the earth as a whole.

According to the article, what contributes to the population increase？

A．Birth explosion.

B．Birth Control.

C．Technological innovations.

D．Death Control.

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第9题

People do not analyse every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember solution fro

m the last time they had a【21】problem. They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without【22】, they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all of these methods【23】, the person with a problem has to start analysing. There are sever al stages in analysing a problem.

First, the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam' s bicycle is bro ken. Sam must【24】that there is a problem with his bicycle. Next the person must【25】the problem. Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. Now the person must look for【26】that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. Suppose Sam decides that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes. At this time he can look in his bicycle repair book and【27】his friends at the bike shop. After【28】.the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. In the end, one suggestion seems to be the solution【29】the problem. Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum(口香糖) stack to a brake. What he will do is to clean the brake. Finally the solution is【30】. Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem.

(56)

A．serious

B．usual

C．similar

D．common

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第10题

The way people cling to the belief that a full-filled, pain-free life equals happiness act

ually diminishes their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain must be equated with unhappiness. But, in fact, the opposite is true: more times than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain.

As a result, many people avoid the very endeavors that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment, civic or charitable work, self-improvement.

Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he's honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.

Similarly, couples who choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happiness. They can dine out whenever they feel like and sleep as late as they wish. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night's sleep or a three-day vacation. I don't know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children.

Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations we ever come to. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buy that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those rich and glamorous people we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all. The moment we understand that fun does not bring happiness, we begin to live differently. The effect can be, quite literally, life-transforming.

According to the writer, people who think of happiness as fun ______.

A．are somewhat denied the chances of gaining happiness

B．will remain single although they may go dating

C．must know what true happiness is

D．should devote more time to activities

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