When building space on the ground becomes__________,we must make use of the space in the a
A.short
B.scarce
C.rare
D.unexpected
A.short
B.scarce
C.rare
D.unexpected
Only a few decades ago, renovation was unpopular and generally far more expensive than taking down abandoned building and string from the beginning.A change began in the 1960s with a number of well-advertised projects.They included Ghirardelli Square in San Francisco, where an old chocolate factory was restored and made into shops and restaurants, Trolly Square in Salt Lake, where unused warehouses were made into artists’ studios and apartments.
What caused the change? “One reason is nostalgia,” a San Francisco builder suggests.“Maybe old is better than new, many people are saying.Feelings about preserving attractive or historic buildings have changed a great deal.” A second cause is economy.The cost of tearing down an old building and constructing a new one from nothing now has risen to the point where it is often less expensive to fix a solid older structure.Also builders realize that fixing up an existing building often requires no new permits, sewer lines, or water connections.
Even when the costs of restoration are the same as or a bit more than the costs of putting up a new building, fixing the old building may be better.A Boston architect says The advantage comes when you can develop a final project that is more desirable than a new building – one with the right location, more space, more floor area, a special character, materials of a particular quality.” Gradually, architects and builders are developing knowledge about renovation and preservation, bringing imagination and creativity to the job.
16.In the United States, renovating old buildings_____.
A.has had a long history
B.is becoming increasingly popular
C.is still unpopular
D.has just caught the fancy of architects and builders
17.Ghirardelli Square, Trolley Square, and the Soho district are projects that_________.
A.have been given much publicity
B.are little known to the public
C.have been widely discussed among builders and city planners
D.have changed the building business
18.“Nostalgia” in the 3rd paragraph most probably means________.
A.being conservative
B.being keen on saving money
C.being fond of things new
D.being fond of things of the remote past
19.Which of the following statements is true?
A.Every old building can be renovated for new uses
B.Renovating old buildings is always less costly than putting up new ones
C.Renovation does not require imagination and creativity
D.Fixing an old building may have advantages even when it costs a little more
Building Renovation
In cities across the United States, old factories,warehouses,schools, railroad stations and other buildings are being renovated for new uses. City planners and private investors are finding that good buildings, no matter how old, can be remodeled for new purposes. "If you'd asked someone four or five years ago whether he'd rent an apartment in an abandoned piano factory or clothing warehouse, he' d have thought you were crazy," says a New York architect. "Today, many people are eager to do it. " The, renovating may include a former city hall or courthouse changed into offices;a bank or church changed into a restaurant; or, as in Plains, Georgia, a railroad station used as a center for a presidential campaign.
Only a few decades ago, renovation was unpopular and generally far more expensive than taking down abandoned buildings, and starting from the beginning.A change began in the 1960s with a number of well-advertised projects, They included Ghirardelli Square in San Francisco,where an old chocolate factory was restored and made into shops and restaurants; Trolley Square in Salt Lake City, where abandoned car warehouses became a shopping mall;the Soho District of New York City, where unused warehouses were made into artists' studios and apartments.
What caused the change? "One reason is nostalgia,"a San Francisco builder suggests."Maybe old is better than new, many people are saying, Feelings about preserving attractive or historic buildings have changed a great deal. " A second cause is economy. The cost of tearing down an old building and constructing a new one from nothing now has risen to the point where it is often less expensive to fix a solid older structure. Also builders realize that fixing up an existing building often requires no new permits, sewer lines, or water connections.
Even when the costs of restoration are the same as or a bit more than the costs of putting up a new building, fixing the old building may be better. A Boston architect says,"The advantage comes when you can develop a final project that is more desirable than a new building one with the right location, more space, more floor area, a special character, materials of a particular quality. " Gradually, architects and builders are developing knowledge about renovation and preservation, bringing imagination and creativity to the job.
第 41 题 In the United States, renovating old buildings_________
A.has had a long history
B.is becoming increasingly popular
C.is still unpopular
D.has just caught the fancy of architects and builders
One of the difficulties on carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country, depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable of declines.
Small population may mean ______.
A.higher productlvity, but a lower average income
B.lower productivity, but a higher average income
C.lower productivity and a lower average income
D.higher productivity and a higher average income
A.Comparing
B.When compared
C.while comparing
D.When comparing
When we design a building, we should think of the _______of the people with disabilities.
A.number
B.future
C.needs
D.dreams
A.during
B.where
C.which
D.while
The monitors at the gates of the plant building gave alarms________.
A.only whell Watras was leaving the building
B.whenever Watras's co-workers were leaving the building
C.only when Watras was passing through one day
D.whenever Watras was passing through.them
It can be inferred that the project of building the opera House started when ______.
A.more and more citizens were eager to watch operas
B.a committee decided to hold an important meeting in Sydney
C.Sydney became more and more civilized
D.more and more citizens became dissatisfied with the vacancy of an art center
31.The skyscraper city means().
A.a city in the sky
B.a city made up of very tall buildmgs
C.a city made up of glass houses
D.a very tall and huge building
32.What causes Wilem Frischmann to plan his skyscraper cities?()
A.People living in cities want to live more comfortably.
B.People in the future will want skyscraper cities.
C.Soon there will not be enough space for cities like those of today.
D.This is the modern idea of buildings.
33.About()people could live in each skyscraper city.
A.250000
B.a million
C.25000
D.450000
34.The skyscraper would be().
A.450 meters high
B.36000 meters high
C.3150 meters high
D.250 000 meters high
35.Which of the following statements is true? ()
A.The world's population is decreasing.
B.Skyscraper cities would be joined by underground tunnels.
C.People in such cities couldn't leave.
D.Wilem's tall building would be 8 kilometers high.
Food for space has to be packed in special ways. Some of it goes into tubes that a man can squeeze into his mouth. Bite-sized cookies are packed in plastic.
There is a good reason for covering each bite. The plastic keeps pieces of food from travelling in the spaceship. On the earth very small pieces of food would simply fall to the floor. But gravity doesn' t pull them to the floor when they are out of the plastic in a spaceship. (78) They move here and there and can get into a man' s eyes or into the spaceship' s instruments. If any of the instruments is blocked, the astronauts may have trouble getting safely home.
As astronauts travel on longer space trips, he must take time to sleep. An astronaut can fit himself to his seat with a kind of seat belt. Or, if he wants to, he can sleep in a sleeping bag which is fixed in place under his seat. But be careful he must put his hands under the belt when he goes to sleep. This is because he is really afraid that he might touch one of controls that isn' t supposed to be touched until later.
Why would astronauts cover each bite of food in space?
A.Because small pieces of food would fall down to the floor.
B.Because weightless pieces of food might make trouble when they travel around.
C.Because they haven' t enough food for longer trips.
D.Because astronauts don' t want to waste food.