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Why does cream go bad faster than butter？ Some researchers think they find the answer, and

it comes down to the structure of the food, not its chemical composition—a finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives.

Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substances, so why cream should sour much faster has been a mystery. Both are emulsions—tiny globules(小球) of one liquid evenly distributed throughout another. "The difference lies in what's in the globules and what's in the surrounding liquid", says Brocklehurst, who led the investigation. In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter, globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteria which make the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture. "This means that in cream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture", he says.

When the situation is reversed, the bacteria are locked away in compartments(密封仓) buried deep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way, individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients. They also slowly poison themselves with their waste products. "In butter, you get a self-limiting system which stops the bacteria growing", says Brocklehurst. The researchers are already working with food companies keen to see if their products can be made resistant to bacterial attack through alterations to the food's structure. Brocklehurst believes it will be possible to make the emulsions used in salad cream, for instance, more like that in butter. The key will be to do this while keeping the salad cream liquid and not turning it into a solid lump.

The significance of Brocklehurst's research is that ______.

A．it suggested a way to keep some foods fresh without preservatives

B．it discovered tiny globules in both cream and butter

C．it revealed the secret of how bacteria multiply in cream and butter

D．it found that cream and butter share the same chemical composition

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更多“Why does cream go bad faster t…”相关的问题

第1题

—__—By bus（）

A.Why does he go to work

B.How does he go to work

C.When does she go to work

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第2题

Which of the following italicized words does NOT indicate willingness ().

A.What will you do when you graduate

B.They will be home by now.

C.Who will go with me

D.Why will you go there alone

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第3题

Millions of people pass through the gates of Disney's entertainment parks in California, F

lorida and Japan each year. What makes these places an almost an universal attention？ What makes foreign kings and queens and other important people want to visit these Disney parks？ One reason is the way they are treated once they get there. The people at Disney go out of their way to serve their "guests", as they prefer to call them, and to see that they enjoy themselves.

All new employees, from vice-presidents to part-time workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking the general training. Here, they learn about the company's history, how it is managed and why it is successful. They are shown how each department relates to the whole. All employees are shown how important their parts are in making the park a success.

After passing the general training, the employees go on to more specialized training for their specific jobs. No detail is missed. A simple job like taking tickets requires four eight-hour days of training. When one ticket taker was asked why it took so much training for such a simple and ordinary job, he replied, "what happens if someone wants to know where the restrooms are, when the parade starts or what bus to take back to the campground？ We need to know the answer or where to get them quickly. Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the party."

Even Disney managers get involved in the daily management of the park. Every year, the managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes. For a full week, the bosses sell hotdogs or ice cream, take tickets or drive the monorail, and take up any of the 100 jobs that make the entertainment park come alive. The managers agree that this week helps them to see the company's goals more clearly.

All these efforts to serve the public well have made Walt Disney Productions famous. Disney is considered by many as the best mass service provider in America or the world. As one long-time business observer once said, "how Disney treats people, communicates with them, rewards them, is in my view the very reason fir his fifty years of success… I have watched, very carefully and with great respect and admiration the theory and practice of selling satisfaction and serving millions of people on a daily basis successfully. It is what Disney does best.

The first day they come to Disney parks, all new employees ______.

A．begin by receiving on-the-job training

B．must learn several jobs

C．begin as ticket takers

D．have already attended Disney University

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第4题

Xiaoyan: I have most of the things I need.We don' t need to buy any rice, and we d

on't need any peas.

Mary: We need some oranges.How many do we need to buy？

Xiaoyan: Four are enough.And we need some cream.

Mary: How much cream do we need to buy for four people？

Xiaoyan: Two cartons？ Shall we get a melon and some wine？ And 1 haven' t got any coffee.

Mary: OK.And lychees.Two tins？

Xiaoyan: How many lychees do you get in a tin？

Mary: 1 don' t know.Let' s get a big tin.We also need some mineral water.

Xiaoyan: And the prawns.How many prawns？

Mary: One big packet will do.I also need to get some vegetables for next week potatoes, carrots, onions, and a cabbage 1 think.There' s a little greengrocer's along the road.Why don't we go there first？

1、How many oranges does Xiaoyan want to buy？ ()

A.One.

B.A kilo.

C.Four.

2、Do they need any cream？ ()

A.Yes, they do.

B.No , they don't.

C.The text does not tell us

3、How many prawns do they want to buy？ ()

A.A packet.

B.Two packets.

C.Three packets.

4、Who would like to have some vegetables？ ()

A.Xiaoyan.

B.Mary

C.Shopkeeper.

5、Which is not included (包括) in the shopping list？ ()

A.Rice and peas.

B.Potatoes and coffee.

C.Melons and wine.

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第5题

Have you 【B1】______ asked yourself why children go to school？ You will probably say that t

hey go 【B2】______ their own language and other languages, arithmetic, history, science and 【B3】______ subjects. That is quite true, but why do they learn these things？ And are these things 【B4】______ that they learn at school？

We 【B5】______ our children to 【B6】______ them for the time 【B7】______ they will be big and will have work 【B8】______ themselves. Nearly all they study at school has some 【B9】______ use in their life. But is that the only reason 【B10】______ they do to school？

There is 【B11】______ in education then we have just learning facts. We go to school 【B12】______ all to lean how to learn 【B13】______ when we have 【B14】______ school we can continue to learn. A man who really knows 【B15】______ will always be successful. Because 【B16】______ he has to do something new which he has never had to do 【B17】______ , he does it in the best 【B18】______ . The uneducated person 【B19】______ , is probably unable to do something new, or does it badly. The purpose of schools, therefore, is not just to teach languages 【B20】______ to teach pupils the way to learn.

A．either

B．whether

C．ever

D．as well

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第6题

Have you【61】asked yourself why children go to school？ You will probable say that they go【6

2】their own language and other languages, arithmetic, history, science and【63】subjects. That is quite true; but why do they learn these things？ And are these things【64】that they learn at school？

We【65】our children to school to【66】them for the time【67】they will be big and will have to work【68】themselves. Nearly all they study at school has some【69】use in their life, but is that the only reason【70】they go to school？

There is【71】in education than just learning facts. We go to school【72】all to learn how to learn,【73】when we have【74】school we can continue to learn. A man who really knows【75】will always be successful, because【76】he has to do something new which he. Has never had to do【77】, he will rapidly teach himself how to do it in the best【78】. The uneducated person,【79】, is probably unable to do something new, or does it badly. The purpose of schools, therefore, is not just to teach languages, arithmetic, etc..,【80】to teach pupils the way to learn.

(56)

A．either

B．whether

C．ever

D．as well

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第7题

I was only eight years old when the Second World War ended, but I can still remember somet

hing about the victory celebrations in the small town where I lived. We had not suffered much from the war there, though like most children of my age, I was used to see-ing bombed houses in the streets and the enormous army lorries passing through. But both at home and at school I had become accustomed to the phrases "before the war" and "when the war's over." "Before the war," apparently, things had been better, though I was too young to understand why, except there had been no bombs then, and people had eaten things like ice cream and bananas, which I had only heard of. When the war was over, we would go back to London, but this meant very little to me. I did not remember what Lon-don was like.

What I remember now about VE Day was the afternoon and the evening. It was a fine May day. I remember coming home at about five o'clock. My father and mother came in about an hour later. After dinner I said I wanted to see the bonfire (篝火), so when it got dark my father took me to the end of the street. The bonfire was very high, and some peo-ple had collected some old clothes to dress the unmistakable figure with the moustache (小胡子) they had put on top of it. Just as we arrived, they set light to it. The flames rose and soon covered the "guy." Everyone was cheering and shouting, and an old woman came out of her house with two chairs and threw them on the fire to keep the fire going.

I stood beside my father until the fire started to go down, not knowing what to say. He said nothing either. He had fought in the First World War and may have been remem-bering the end of that. At last he said, "Well, that's it, son. Let's hope that this time it really will be the last one. "

Where did the narrator live before the Second World War？

A．In a small city.

B．In London.

C．In Europe.

D．In the countryside.

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第8题

阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，完成相应的选择题。（每题 10 分）

Door-Knocking

Door-knocking is the most effective way of making face-to-face community contact, but it has become a lost art. With the recent focus on customer privacy, door-knocking seems like an intrusion into other people' s lives. But those who try it for the first time are usually surprised by the pleasant reception they receive. Here are some suggestions that will help you promote your services face-toface.

BEFORE YOU GO OUT

◆ Begin with a door hanger

Try leaving a door hanger two days before you go door-knocking. It should briefly describe the project and say that someone will be around in person.

◆ Wear an official name tag

Door-knockers should wear name tags with the logo of their organization. The best name tags will also include a color photo and the name of the caller.

◆ Have people knock their own blocks

The easiest way to do door-knocking is to try your local area first. Being a neighbor creates an immediate connection with the person answering the door; after that, everything else is easy.

◆ Find a good excuse to door-knock

A short survey about local concerns or a current project is a good excuse. Figure out responses for various situations. What if the person who answers the door cannot speak English? What if a child answers the door?

WHEN YOU GO OUT

◆ When to go and what to do first

The best times to knock are usually Saturdays. On other days, after dinner is ideal. When someone answers the door, smile and introduce yourself; say you are a volunteer and, if it helps, state where you live. Give the name of your organization and, briefly, the reason for the visit.

◆ State what action the other person should take and the benefits

Tell the person what they need to do and how their actions will benefit themselves and others. If a person hesitates, emphasize benefits you' ve already mentioned and then, if necessary, add further benefits. If a person agrees, follow up immediately. If possible, get a donation,a signature, or a promise.

◆ Record contact information on the spot

Record names, addresses, e-mail addresses, phone numbers, and responses to questions on the spot. You won' t remember them later!

（1）Why does the author say that door-knocking has become a lost art?

A. It is not effective, no one will take this method any more.

B. People focus on privacy increasingly, so door-knocking seems like an intrusion into other people' s lives

C. It is very difficult to do door-knocking， no one knows how to do it now.

（2） Which step should be firstly taken when you try door-knocking?

A. Find a good excuse to door-knock

B. Wear an official name tag

C. Leave a door hanger

（3） What does the underlined phrase “on the spot” mean?

A. without delay

B. at some place

C. in a difficult situation

（4） Which time is not appropriate for door knocking?

A. Saturday afternoon

B. Monday morning.

C. Thursday evening.

（5） Who will receive pleasant reception when they try door-knocking?

A. A stranger who is not living in this community and gives no notice for his/her visit.

B. An offensive acquaintance who comes at any time.

C. A neighbor who does good preparation and has significant project to introduce.

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第9题

1 Every year thousands of people are arrested and taken to court for shop-lifting.In Brit

ain alone, about HK ＄ 3,000,000's worth of goods are stolen from shops every week. This amounts to something like HK ＄150 million a year, and represents about 4 per cent of the shops' total stock. As a result of this "shrinkage" as the shops call it, the honest public has to pay higher prices.

2 Shop-lifters can be divided into three main categories: the professionals, the deliberate amateurs, and the people who just can't help themselves. The professionals do not pose much of a problem for the store detectives, who, assisted by closed circuit television, two way mirrors and various other technological devices, can usually cope with them. The professionals tend to go for high value goods in parts of the shops where security measures are tightest. And, in any case, they account for only a small percentage of the total losses due to shop-lifting.

3 The same applies to the deliberate amateur who is, so to speak, a professional in training. Most of them get caught sooner or later, and they are dealt with severely by the courts.

4 The real problem is the person who gives way to a sudden temptation and is in all other respects an honest and law-abiding citizen. Contrary to what one would expect, this kind of

shop-lifter is rarely poor. He does not steal because he needs the goods and cannot afford to pay for them. He steals because he simply cannot stop himself. And there are countless others who, because of age, sickness or plain absent-mindedness, simply forget to pay for what they take from the shops. When caught, all are liable to prosecution, and the decision whether to send for the police or not is in the hands of the store manager.

5 In order to prevent the quite incredible growth in shop-lifting offences, some stores, in fact, are doing their best to separate the thieves from the confused by prohibiting customers from taking bags into the store. However, what is most worrying about the whole problem is, perhaps, that it is yet another instance of the innocent majority being penalized and inconvenienced because of the actions of a small minority. It is the aircraft hijack situation in another form. Because of the possibility of one passenger in a million boarding an aircraft with a weapon, the other 999,999 passengers must subject themselves to searches and delays. Unless the situation in the shops improves, in ten years' time we may all have to subject ourselves to a body-search every time we go into a store to buy a tin of beans!

Why does the honest public have to pay higher prices when they go to the shops？

A．There is a "shrinkage" in market values.

B．Many goods are not available.

C．Goods in many shops lack variety.

D．There are many cases of shop-lifting.

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第10题

Psychologists have discovered that even the most independent－minded of us will conform

Psychologists have discovered that even the most independent-minded of us will conform. to social pressure when we are with a group of people. In one classie experiment, people were showna vertical line and asked to find a line of identical length from a selection of three.

You might think that this is an absurdly easy task, and when people perform. it by themselves they do it very well. However, psychologists have discovered that we are very easily swayed by the opinions of other people when we do this task in a group. In one study, a group of three people was set up,where two of the people were confederates(同伙 )of the experimenter.When the confederates deliberately gave wrong answers,people were often swayed to give the wrong answer also. In fact, 75% of people gave at least o ne wrong answer, with some people conforming to peer pressure on every occasion.

But why do people conform. in this way？ In an easy task like this, it seems that people do not want to step out of line with the prevailing opinion of the group. On more difficult tasks, people also conform. because they lose onfidence in their own ability to make decisions and prefer to trust the majority opinion instead.

A typical example of this kind of conformity arises when we come across people in distress. Would you help a woman who has been attacked in the street？It turns out that you are much more likely to go to her assistance if you are alone.When other people are also around,a diffusion of responsibility occurs. People are paralysed into inaction, because everyone assumes that someone else will go to the woman' s assistance.

25. In Paragraph 1, the underlined word "conform" probably means“ ()”.

A.seek independence

B.disobey orders

C.seek pleasure

D.follow what others do

26.What is the purpose of the experiment described in Paragraph 2？ To().

A.explain why people would be influenced by the opinions of others

B.prove that people are easily influenced by the opinions of others

C.train the confederates of the experimenter as independent-minded

D.describe how people would be influenced by the opinions of others

27.In the last paragraph, according to the author,why wouldn’t one help the woman ？He().

A.thinks he has no responsibilities to give a hand

B.thinks he has has nothing to do with it

C.is too shy to give his helping hand

D.thinks someone else will offer assistance

28.What method does the author mainly use to develop the text？ (

A.Giving examples.

B.Cause-effect analysis.

C.Comparative analysis.

D.Process analysis.

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