Most offices require secretaries____.
A.have specified training
B.having specified training
C.to have specified training
D.to have been specified training
A.have specified training
B.having specified training
C.to have specified training
D.to have been specified training
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Your passport is your official identification as an American citizen. In America,most people never consider obtaining a passport unless they are planning a trip out of the country. In Europe, where travel from one country to another is much more common,almost everyone carries a passport. A passport is final proof of identity in almost every country in the world.
In 1979 almost 15 million Americans held passports. Most of these passports were obtained to travel outside the country because,except for a few Western nations。passports are required to enter every country. And if you travel abroad,you must have a valid passport to reenter the country.
When traveling abroad,you will need a passport for identification when exchanging dollars for francs or marks or other foreign currency. You may also need your passport to use a credit card,buy an airplane ticket or check into a hotel. As a passport is an official U. S. document. it is valuable as identification in any emergency cases,such as floods,fires,or war.
Don't confuse passports and visas. Whereas a passport is issued by a country to its citizens. a visa is official permission to visit a country granted by the government of that country. For some years,many countries were dropping their visa requirements,but that trend has reversed. Argentina,Brazil,and Venezuela now require visas from U. S. citizens. They may be obtained from the embassy of the country you wish to visit.
Passport applications are available at passport agency offices in large cities like Boston,New York,or Chicago. In smaller cities,applications are available at post offices and at federal courts. To get your first passport,you must submit the application in person. along with a birth certificate and two pictures.
The main purpose of this passage is to______.
A. discuss traveling in other countries
B. distinguish between passports and visas
C. discuss the financial uses of a passport
D. provide information about passports
Evidently, most artists and writers require ______.
A. inspiration
B. quiet
C. money
D. madness
A.quite common
B.very rare
C.something difficult
D.almost impossible
About 35% of all high school graduates in America continue their education in an institution of higher learning. The
word college is used to refer to either a college or a university. These institutions offer four-year programs that lead to a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) or Bachelor Science (B.S.) degree. Some students attend a
junior college (providing only a two-year program) for one to two years before entering a four-year college as a
sophomore (二年级生) or junior (三年级生).
It is generally easier to be accepted at a state university than at a private one. Most private schools require strict
entrance examinations and a high grade point average (GPA), as well as specific college prep classes in high school.
Private schools cost considerably more than state colleges and famous private schools are very expensive. Poorer
students can sometimes attend, however, by earning scholarships. Some college graduates go on to earn advanced
masters or doctoral degrees in grad (graduate) school. Occupations in certain fields such as law or medicine require
such advanced studies.
Since college costs are very high, most students work at part-time jobs. Some have full-time jobs and go to school
part-time. Often some will take five or more years to complete a four-year program because of money / job demands
on their time.
While the college and work demands take up the great part of a student’s time, most still enjoy social activities. Sports,
dances, clubs, movies, and plays are all very popular. However, gathering together for long, philosophical talks at a
favorite meeting place on or near the university is probably the most popular activity.
College education is _______ in America.
A. quite common
B. very rare
C. something difficult
D. almost impossible
In most countries, a direct tax on persons, 【57】is called income tax, exists. It is arranged in【58】a way that the poorest people pay nothing, and the【59】of tax grows greater as the taxpayers'【60】grows. In England, for example, the tax on the【61】people goes up as【62】as ninety-five percent!
But countries with direct taxation nearly always have【63】taxation too. Many things【64】into the country have to pay taxes or "duties".【65】, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops who really have to pay the duties, in the【66】of higher prices. In some countries, too, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is collected, but the poor people suffer【67】If unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed, 【68】money is obtained, but the tax is fairer, as the【69】pay it.
Probably this last kind of indirect tax, 【70】with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich, is the best arrangement.
(51)
A.but for
B.without
C.because of
D.instead of
Car rental companies are【32】in the telephone book and are located in most cities and towns.【33】, there are usually rental cars at airports and train and bus stations. As is true everywhere in the world, you can rent a car【34】the day, week, or month. Some companies【35】have special weekend rates that you may find especially interesting if you have only a limited【36】of time to travel around the area you are visiting. Since each company has its own rules and rates, it is a good idea to【37】prices among companies to get the best rates to suit your purposes. For example, most car rental costs【38】how long you plan to keep the car and how far you travel. However, some companies may include gasoline in their rates, but【39】do not. Some companies require that you【40】the car to its starting point; others will permit you to leave the car in another city.
(31)
A.Some time
B.Sometimes
C.Sometime
D.Some times
Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or "nowcasts" , was impracticable. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were beyond overcoming. Fortunately, scientific and technological advance have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments , and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observations over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communication satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and immediately, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists (气象学家) and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, nowcasting is becoming a reality.
What is the best title of the passage?
A.Severe Thunderstorms and Damages
B.Weather Forecasting and Life-threatening
C.Science Advances and Nowcasts
D.Available Data and Nowcasts
Eventually, many downtown areas existed for business only. During the day they would be filled with people working in the offices and at night they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business executives began asking, "Why bother with going downtown at all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs go that we can live and work in the same area?" Gradually some of the larger companies began to move out of the cities, with the result that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expanded still more. This movement of business to the suburbs is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been moving to the suburbs in Stockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium as well.
What did the city lose when those people moved out to the suburbs?
A.Houses
B.Cars.
C.Jobs.
D.Tax money.
People used to say, "The hand that rocks the cradle (摇篮) rules the world. "And【56】every successful man there's a woman. "
【57】these sayings mean the same thing. Men【58】the world, but their wives rule them. Most of the American women like【59】their husbands and【60】successful,【61】some of them want【62】for themselves. They want【63】jobs. When they work they want to be【64】paid. They want to be as successful as【65】
The American women's liberation (解放) movement was started by women who don't want to【66】successful men. They want to stand【67】men, with the same chance for success. They don't want to be told that certain jobs or offices are【68】to them. They refuse to work side by side with men who do the same work for【69】pay.
A【70】woman must be【71】of being a woman and have confidence (自信)in【72】. If somebody says to her, "You've come a long way, baby. " She' ll smile and answer, "Not nearly as【73】as I' m going to go, baby!"
This movement is quite new, and【74】American women do not agree. But it has already made some important changes in women's【75】and in men's lives, too.
(56)
A.Behind
B.Beside
C.Before
D.Under
However, encouragement of critical thinking in students is one of the goals of most colleges and universities. Few professors require students to share the professors' own beliefs. In general, professors are more concerned that students learn to question and critically examine the arguments of others, including some of their own beliefs or values. This does not mean that professors insist that you change your beliefs, either. It does mean , however, that professors will usually ask you to support the views you express in class or in your writing.
If your premises (前提) are shaky, or if your arguments are not logical, professors personally point out the false reasoning in your arguments. Most professors want you to learn to recognize the premises of your arguments, to examine whether you really accept these premises, and to understand whether or not you draw logical conclusions. Put it this way. Professors don't tell you what to think; they try to teach you how to think.
On the other hand, if you intend to disagree with your professors in class, you should be prepared to offer a strong argument in support of your ideas. Arguing just for the sake of arguing usually does not promote a critical examination of ideas. Many professors interpret it as rudeness.
In the first paragraph, the writer tries to tell us that people______.
A.easily accept certain things without a second thought
B.grow up through learning certain things in life
C.are forming their views during their growth
D.have strong beliefs in authorities while getting old