It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language.So does laughter or crying .Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world.In Chinese and in English literature, a phrase like ?he went pale and began to tremble' suggests that the man is either very afraid or he has just got a very big shock.However, ?he opened his eyes wide' is used to suggest anger in Chinese whereas in English it means surprise.In Chinese, surprise can be described in a phrase like ?they stretched out their tongues! ―’Stretching out your tongue ‖in English is an insulting gesture or expresses strong dislike.
Even in the same culture, people differ in their ability to understand and express feelings.Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men at recognizing fear, anger, love and happiness on people'faces.Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize or understand body language than younger people do.
1.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.We can easily understand what people's gestures mean.
B.Words can be better understood by older people.
C.Gestures can be understood by most people but words are not.
D.It is difficult to tell what people' gestures really mean sometimes.
2.People's facial expression may be misunderstood in different cultures because ().
A.people of different sexes may understand a gesture differently
B.people speaking different languages have different facial expressions
C.people of different ages may have different interpretations
D.people from different cultures have different meanings about some facial expressions
3.From the passage, we can conclude that().
A.gestures can be used to express feelings
B.gestures can be more effectively used than words to express feelings
C.words are often more difficult to understand than gestures
D.gestures are used as frequently as words to express feelings
4.In the same culture, people().
A .hardly ever fail to understand each other's ideas and feelings
B.are equally intelligent even if they have different backgrounds
C.almost all have the same understanding of the same thing
D.may have different abilities to understand and express feelings
5.The best title for this passage can be ().
A.Gestures B.Feelings
C.Gestures and Feelings D.Culture and Understanding
It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language . So does laughter or crying . There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show the same feelings . Dogs , tigers and humans , for example , often show their teeth when they are angry . This is probably because they are born with those behavior. patterns .
Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world . In Chinese and English literature , a phrase like “he went pale and began to tremble”suggests that the man is either very afraid or deeply shocked . However , “he opened his eyes wide ” is used to suggest anger in Chinese whereas in English it means surprise . In Chinese surprise can be described in a phrase like “they stretched out their tongues ”. Sticking out your tongue in English is an insulting gesture or expresses strong dislike .
Even in the same culture , people differ in the ability to understand and express feelings Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men at recognizing fear ,anger love and happiness on people’s faces . Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize or understand body language than younger people do .
According to the passage , _________.
A.we can hardly understand what people’s gestures mean
B.words and gestures may have different meanings in different cultures
C.words can be better understand by older people
D.gestures can be better understand by most of the people while words can not
People’s facial expressions may be misunderstand because______。A.people of different ages may have different understandings
B.people have different cultures
C.people of different sexes may understand a gesture differently
D.people of different countries speak different languages
Even in the same culture , people_______.A.have different abilities to understand and express feelings
B.have exactly the same understanding of something
C.never fail to understand each other
D.are equally intelligent
From this passage .we can conclude_______.A.words are used as frequently as gestures
B.words are often found difficult to understand
C.words and gestures are both used in expressing feelings
D.gestures are more efficiently used than words
The best title for this passage be________.A.Words and Feelings
B.Words,Gestures and Feelings
C.Gestures and Feelings
D.Culture and Understanding
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析,谢谢!
Traditional Chinese, among many other Asians, respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty 【C4】______ them. Children repay their parents' 【C5】______ by being successful and supporting them in old age. This is accepted as a 【C6】______ part of life in China. 【C7】______ ,taking care of the aged parents is often viewed as a tremendous 【C8】______ in the United States, where aging and family support are not 【C9】______ highly. 【C10】______ , in the youth-oriented United States, growing old is seen as a bad thing, and many old people do not receive respect.
Pilipinos, the most Americanized of the Asians, are 【C11】______ extremely family-oriented. They are 【C12】______ to helping their children and will sacrifice greatly for their children to get an education. 【C13】______ , the children are devoted to their parents, who often live nearby. Grown children who leave the country for economic reasons 【C14】______ send large parts of their income home to their parents. The Vietnamese family 【C15】______ people currently 【C16】______ as well as the spirits of the dead and of the as-yet unborn.
Any 【C17】______ or actions are done from family considerations, not individual desires. People's behavior. is fudged 【C18】______ whether it brings shame or pride to the family. The Vietnamese do not particularly believe in self-reliance; in this way, they are the 【C19】______ of people in the United States. Many Vietnamese think that their actions in this life will influence their 【C20】______ in the next life.
【C1】
A.enlarged
B.extended
C.expanded
D.lengthened
第二节 短文理解1
阅读下面短文,从[A](Right)、[B](Wrong)、[C](Doesn't Say)三个判断中选择一个正确选项。
Etiquette(礼节) is important at a Chinese dinner party. Usually, the host(主人) should politely ask the guests to be seated first before he sits down. If there is a speech, people stop eating and drinking to listen. Every time a dish is brought out, the host asks the guests to try it first. Guests would not start eating the dish until the host asks them to. While eating, people should stop often to talk for a while. Eating all the time without stopping is not polite, and could be laughed at. Usually, people do not finish a dish. A finished dish would suggest that there is not enough of the dish to eat, which may make the host embarrassed(不好意思的), so people would not usually pick up the last piece off a plate. During a meal, the host asks the guests again and again to eat and drink more. Without this, some people may feel embarrassed about how much they eat. From time to time, people pick up food to give it to those sitting beside them. The host keeps the guests company all the way through the dinner. He would not finish until all the guests do so.
Etiquette at a Chinese dinner party in China is the same as that in western countries.
A.Right.
B.Wrong.
C.Doesn't Say.
The meaning of “communication” goes a lot deeper than people often think. Communication is about conceiving, sending, receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of these messages. A failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication.
Ineffective communication can be disastrous. There is a famous story of a British Army Commander who sent the message “Send reinforcements, we're going to advance.” back to his Command Center, through a long chain of subordinates. When the message finally reached the Command Center, it had “mutated” to become -- “Send three and four-pence, we're going to a dance.” The reinforcements never arrived.
You can demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by trying to play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 people. It is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with.
In a business, there are three main types of communication failure. Each has its own indicative signs.
•The first type is known as allocative failure. This occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reaching the right points. The firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. If demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing. If the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing.
•The second type is executive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lacking or in error. The symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all.
•The final type is human failure. This occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication. This leads to alienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff. Creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips.
操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。
1.Confirming reception of the sent messages means.
A. the messages are sent to right receivers
B. the messages are correctly understood
C. the messages are correctly understood by right receivers
2. In the famous British Army Commander story, which step probably did NOT go wrong in the communication chain?
A. Conceiving.
B. Sending.
C. Receiving.
3.What is Chinese whispers?
A. Who whispers in Chinese.
B. A game to pass message around in a whisper.
C. Chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly.
4.Allocative failure does NOT happen when.
A. the right information goes to the right place
B. a company gathers false information
C. the correct information is not received by the right department or person
5.According to the passage, which of the following cases does NOT belong to human failure?
A. Decreasing creativity across departments.
B. Inadequate communication between departments.
C. Increasing customer complaints.
Ineffective communication can be disastrous.There is a famous story of a British Army Commander who sent the message "Send reinforcements,we're going to advance." back to his Command Center,through a long chain of subordinates.When the message finally reached the Command Center,it had "mutated" to become -- "Send three and four-pence,we're going to a dance." The reinforcements never arrived.
You can demonstrate this same principle,albeit on a less dramatic scale,by trying to play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 people.It is highly unlikely the same message you started with will be the one you end with.
In a business,there are three main types of communication failure.Each has its own indicative signs.
•The first type is known as allocative failure.This occurs when a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (most often),the information is not reaching the right points.The firm will not be allocating resources in step with the shifts in demand.If demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocative communication failure,then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing.If the inverse happens,there will be a surplus of stocks and overstaffing.
•The second type is executive failure,where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late,lacking or in error.The symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in the company or departments,a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all.
•The final type is human failure.This occurs when the general culture of a business or the relationships between particular individuals or departments do not foster effective communication.This leads to alienated staff,an increase in staff turnover,an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff.Creativity,especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries,is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips.
1.Confirming reception of the sent messages means().
A.the messages are sent to right receivers
B.the messages are correctly understood
C.the messages are correctly understood by right receivers
2.In the famous British Army Commander story,which step probably did NOT go wrong in the communication chain?()
A.Conceiving.
B.Sending.
C.Receiving.
3.What is Chinese whispers?()
A.Who whispers in Chinese.
B.A game to pass message around in a whisper.
C.Chinese people who don't normally talk very loudly.
4.Allocative failure does NOT happen when().
A.the right information goes to the right place
B.a company gathers false information
C.the correct information is not received by the right department or person
5.According to the passage,which of the following cases does NOT belong to human failure?()
A.Decreasing creativity across departments.
B.Inadequate communication between departments.
C.Increasing customer complaints.
A.over
B.with
C.for
D.by
While Chinese Americans as a group are prosperous and well-educated Chinatowns are pockets of poverty, and illiteracy is much higher among the Chinese than among Americans in general. Those paradoxes are due to sharp internal differences. Descendants of the Chinese Americans who emigrated long ago from Toishan Province have maintained Chinese values and have added acculturation to American society with remarkable success. More recent Hong Kong Chinese are from more diverse cultural origins, and acquired western values and styles in Hong Kong, without having acquired the skills to proper and support those aspirations in the American economy. Foreign- born Chinese men in the United States earn one-fourth lower incomes than native-born Chinese even though the foreign-born have been in the United States an average of seventeen years. While the older Hong Kong Chinese work tenaciously to sustain and advance themselves, the Hong Kong Chinese youths often react with resentment and antisocial behavior, including terrorism and murder. The need to maintain tourism in Chinatown causes the Chinese leaders to mute or downplay these problems as much as possible.
According to the passage, today, Chinese Americans owe their prosperity to ______.
A.their diligence and better education than others
B.their support of American government
C.their fight against discriminations
D.advantages in working only
The favorite food in the United States is the hamburger (汉堡包). The favorite place to buy a hamburger is a fast food restaurant. At fast food restaurants, people order their food, wait a few minutes, and carry it to their tables themselves. People also take their food out of the restaurant and eat it in their cars or in their homes. At some fast food restaurants. people can order their food, pay for it and pick it up without leaving their cars.
There are many kinds of fast food restaurants in the United States. The greatest in number sell hamburgers, French fries (油炸马铃薯片) and so on. They are popular food among Americans. Besides, fast food restaurants that serve Chinese food, Mexican food, Italian food, chicken, seafood and ice-cream are very many. The idea of a fast food restaurant is so popular that nearly every kind of food can be found in one.
Fast food restaurants are popular because they reflect (反映) American life style. Customers can wear any type of dress when they go to a fast food place. Second, they are fast. People who are busy do not want to spend time preparing their own food or waiting while someone prepares it. In fast food restaurants the food is usually ready before the customer even orders it. Finally most food in a fast food restaurant is not expensive. Therefore, people are able to buy and eat at a fast food restaurant often, while they may not be able to go to a more expensive restaurant very often.
Hamburgers and French fries can be got at the fast food restaurants.
A.some of
B.most of
C.a part of
D.all of